Tichenor describes the postwar situation for the freed slaves from a paternalistic viewpoint: "Four millions of human beings, under the influence of a misguided philanthropy, have been rendered destitute of homes, protection, and comfort, and have...
The first page included here discusses officers of the council and their salaries. The second page discusses the sale of lots in the "colored" cemetery and a new city ordinance that makes it unlawful to "carry on any barber business" on the...
This article discusses the decision of the United States Supreme Court in the case of Plessy versus Ferguson, which upheld a Louisiana law that required separate railroad cars for white and African American passengers; the court considered this...
This article reports on a recent meeting of the Montgomery city council, at which the aldermen discussed a proposed ordinance to segregate street railroads; the ordinance would not require separate cars for the races, which had been a concern of...
This article responds to a prediction in The Springfield Republican (a newspaper in Massachusetts) that segregated public transportation in the South would not succeed due to economic pressures: "The Republican takes the position that the...
This article announces that the Montgomery city council has adopted an ordinance to segregate street cars: "...all street railroads operated in the City of Montgomery and its police jurisdiction shall provide separate accommodations for white...
This article cites a newspaper from Washington, D.C., which predicts that segregationist sentiment in the nation's capital will lead to "Jim Crow" street cars there: "What is true in Washington is true elsewhere, and especially in the South. The...
This article describes the response of African American citizens to the ordinance recently passed by the Montgomery city council, which requires segregation on street cars. Although there is "no organized boycott," most African American preachers...
This article reports the reactions of both African American and white citizens to the new ordinance requiring segregation on Montgomery street cars: "As a rule no trouble was experienced and the only thing noticeable was the absence of negroes from...
This article compares street car ordinances in Mobile and New Orleans: "Of the two the Mobile law seems to be the best, for it does not require the making of separate compartments in the cars, but simply that white passengers shall be seated in the...
This article criticizes an "immigration scheme" designed to attract African American citizens to a city in the midwestern United States, where "everything will be in the hands of the negro" (including city management, industry, and education). The...
This article reports that African Americans in Mobile are still boycotting street railroads to protest a new segregation ordinance; it also mentions that "several cases of negroes being reviled for riding on the cars have been reported."
This article reports that the president of the Mobile Light and Railroad Company is challenging the new city ordinance requiring white and African American passengers to be seated in separate sections on street cars. His company is having trouble...
This article reports that the city ordinance segregating street cars is still in force, despite a local company's decision to ignore it. The head of the Mobile Light and Railroad Company adopted this policy because of uncooperative passengers and...
This article reports that African Americans in Pensacola, Florida, are boycotting street railroads to protest a proposed segregation ordinance. The article argues that while this response is common in cities with similar laws, the boycotts are...
In 1906, the Montgomery City Council passed an ordinance requiring blacks and whites to ride on separate streetcars. The Montgomery Traction Company, owner of the streetcars, refused to comply because it would not have been profitable. It would...
In the passage Du Bois critiques Booker T. Washington's methods for the education and assimilation of African Americans in society: "...it has been claimed that the Negro can survive only through submission. Mr. Washington distinctly asks that...
In the letter Inzer discusses the integrated military training camps proposed by Secretary of War Newton D. Baker. Inzer first declares himself to be "a friend to the negro" ("stood for his rights and represented him when it was really perilous to...
Included here is Chapter 20, "The Negro and the World War." The chapter begins by describing African American support for the war effort, but then turns to a discussion of democracy, equality, and civil rights: "Before the war, two expressions were...
In the first letter Brigadier General J. C. Persons of the Alabama National Guard sends Governor Benjamin Miller an account of recent events in Birmingham, which was submitted by another officer. The second letter contains the report of Second...