In the letter Strudwick discusses family members and acquaintances; expresses remorse for encouraging some of his relatives to move to California; and complains about the improved status of African Americans (whom he refers to collectively as...
In this message to the United States House of Representatives, President Ulysses S. Grant presents a statement he received from a group of African Americans in Montgomery, Alabama, who had assembled to discuss the "grave and menacing dangers that...
Haney warns against candidates who claim to be Republicans but work against the party once elected. He focuses on Judge George H. Craig in particular, accusing him of abandoning Republican principles and favoring white constituents over African...
Also known as the "Bourbon," "Conservative," or "Redeemer Constitution." The constitution includes the following articles: declaration of rights; state and county boundaries; distribution of powers of government; executive department; legislative...
Article from The Weekly Herald about the lynching of George Meadows at Pratt Mines in Jefferson County, Alabama. Meadows, an African American, was accused of assaulting a white woman and killing her young son.
In the pamphlet Milner gives a "testimony" to argue against giving African American political power, and he blames the Republican Party for discord in the state: "There has not been a moment of peace in Alabama, since the black Republican party was...
This article discusses the decision of the United States Supreme Court in the case of Plessy versus Ferguson, which upheld a Louisiana law that required separate railroad cars for white and African American passengers; the court considered this...
Flyer for a prohibition meeting organized by African American ministers in Birmingham, Alabama. The meeting was held "to protest against colored women visiting barrooms and barroom premises. Also against children visiting such places, for whisky...
This article announces that the Montgomery city council has adopted an ordinance to segregate street cars: "...all street railroads operated in the City of Montgomery and its police jurisdiction shall provide separate accommodations for white...
This article describes the response of African American citizens to the ordinance recently passed by the Montgomery city council, which requires segregation on street cars. Although there is "no organized boycott," most African American preachers...
This article reports the reactions of both African American and white citizens to the new ordinance requiring segregation on Montgomery street cars: "As a rule no trouble was experienced and the only thing noticeable was the absence of negroes from...
This article compares street car ordinances in Mobile and New Orleans: "Of the two the Mobile law seems to be the best, for it does not require the making of separate compartments in the cars, but simply that white passengers shall be seated in the...
This article criticizes an "immigration scheme" designed to attract African American citizens to a city in the midwestern United States, where "everything will be in the hands of the negro" (including city management, industry, and education). The...
This article reports that African Americans in Mobile are still boycotting street railroads to protest a new segregation ordinance; it also mentions that "several cases of negroes being reviled for riding on the cars have been reported."
This article reports that the president of the Mobile Light and Railroad Company is challenging the new city ordinance requiring white and African American passengers to be seated in separate sections on street cars. His company is having trouble...
This article reports that African Americans in Pensacola, Florida, are boycotting street railroads to protest a proposed segregation ordinance. The article argues that while this response is common in cities with similar laws, the boycotts are...
In 1906, the Montgomery City Council passed an ordinance requiring blacks and whites to ride on separate streetcars. The Montgomery Traction Company, owner of the streetcars, refused to comply because it would not have been profitable. It would...
In the passage Du Bois critiques Booker T. Washington's methods for the education and assimilation of African Americans in society: "...it has been claimed that the Negro can survive only through submission. Mr. Washington distinctly asks that...
The questionnaire was sent to former slaveholders and former slaves. It asks for details about dwellings and possessions; clothing and food; occupations and typical workdays; money earned by slaves for their own use; family life; entertainment;...
McCann, a former slave, describes the following aspects of slavery as he experienced them in Hale County, Alabama: dwellings and possessions; clothing and food; occupations and typical workdays; money earned by slaves for their own use; family...