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Alabama Textual Materials Collection

Subject: Creek War, 1813-1814

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- "Friendly Creek Indians."
- 1833
- Report submitted to the United States House of Representatives by Dixon Hall Lewis of the Committee on Indian Affairs. The committee requests "relief for certain Creek Indians of mixed blood, within the State of Alabama; and also the petitions of...
- 2010-07-15
- "Memories of Journeying through Creek Country and of Childhood in Clarke County, 1811-1814".
- 1811
- In this account Margaret Ervin Austill discusses her family's move from Georgia to Alabama; life on the frontier; and relations with the Indians. In particular she describes local reaction to the fall of Fort Mims in 1813: "Every heart became...
- 2009-11-20
- Deposition by Sam Manac, a plantation owner in Alabama and "a warrior of the Creek Nation."
- 1813-08-02
- Manac, also known as Totkes Hajou and Sam Moniac, was of Creek Indian and European descent; he was a relative of Alexander McGillivray. In the deposition he discusses a council meeting at Tuckabatchee, were Tecumseh delivered a speech to rally the...
- 2010-11-12
- Handwritten copy of a letter from Big Warrior and Alex Cornels at Tuckabatchee, writing on behalf of the Creek chiefs.
- 1813-04-18
- In the letter they discuss the recent murder committed by Little Warrior, a Creek Indian. The men believe that Little Warrior "will endeavour to do all the mischief he possibly can as he is now outlawed in his own Country and men out in all...
- 2010-11-12
- Handwritten copy of a letter from Inspector General H. Haynes of the 7th Military District, to Captain James D. Craig at Fort Claiborne.
- 1814-10-26
- Acting on the order of General Andrew Jackson, Haynes informs Craig that he must defend Fort Claiborne "to the last possible extremity": "Our contery [sic] is at warr [sic] and that state brings with it peculiar and most sacred duties - the honour...
- 2009-11-20
- Handwritten copy of Jeremiah Austill's account of "The Canoe Battle," which took place on November 12, 1813.
- During the battle, which was fought from canoes on the Alabama River, Captain Sam Dale and three men (including Austill) defeated a Creek chief and ten warriors.
- 2010-11-12
- Letter from Adam James on the Tombigbee River, to "the head Chiefs in the Creek Nation."
- 1813-11-29
- James was a Scotsman living in the Choctaw nation in Noxubee County, Mississippi. In the letter he complains that Creek warriors have recently stolen horses from settlers: "I want you to put a stop to it as we want to keep in friendship." He...
- 2010-11-12
- Letter from Dr. Nathaniel Allen in Claiborne, Alabama, to Henry Hitchcock at St. Stephens.
- 1819-01-30
- In the letter Dr. Allen mentions that he sent a request for medicine several months ago, but he has not received a response ("I conclude that in the multiplicity of business it has been mislaid or overlooked"). He asks Hitchcock to examine the...
- 2010-11-12
- Letter from Dr. Neal Smith in St. Stephens, Alabama, to James Smiley.
- 1813-01-08
- In the letter Dr. Smith discusses the fall of Fort Mims and a battle led by General Claiborne against the Creek Indians at Holy Ground. Though the letter is dated 1813, it was probably written in 1814: he says that the fight took place on December...
- 2009-06-25
- Letter from General Edmund P. Gaines at Fort Mitchell, Alabama, to John Coffee at Fort Strother, Alabama.
- 1816-02-18
- In the letter Gaines expresses concerns he and Colonel William Barnett have setting the boundary lines between the United States and Indian land, as outlined in the Treaty of Fort Jackson: "Colonel Barnett and myself had set out with a view to...
- 2009-06-25
- Letter from Harry Toulmin at Fort Stoddert in Mobile County, Alabama, to Brigadier General Ferdinand Claiborne, "on the road from Baton Rouge."
- 1813-07-23
- In the letter Toulmin discusses an uprising of Creek Indians in Pensacola, Florida. According to reports, they even plan to assassinate several of their own chiefs: "This will effect a compleat [sic] revolution in the government, and the patriots...
- 2009-09-28
- Letter from James Caller to Ferdinand L. Claiborne at Baton Rouge.
- 1813-07-20
- In the letter Caller explains his plan to lead the militia in an attack against the Creek Indians, and he asks Claiborne to provide any assistance he can: "...we have deem'd it prudent and advisable to call out the militia and attack the party on...
- 2010-11-12
- Letter from John Smylie in Macon County, Georgia, to Reverend James Smylie in Centreville, Mississippi.
- 1825-05-07
- In the letter John discusses traveling through Alabama and Georgia, and he describes the Creek uprising after the Treaty of Indian Springs was signed: "The Creek Indians are in a great commotion at present. On Saturday last they have killed Genl....
- 2009-06-25
- Letter from Joseph Carson in Mount Vernon, Alabama, to General Ferdinand Claiborne.
- 1813-07-30
- In the letter Carson discusses a Creek uprising led by Peter McQueen. He describes the army's attempts to stop it, including the defeat of an expedition under Colonel Caller at Escambia Swamp. A transcript of the letter is included.
- 2009-06-25
- Letter from Peter Little in Natchez, Mississippi, to the editors of the National Intelligencer, a newspaper in Washington, D.C.
- 1813-09-14
- In this letter Little discusses events near Fort Stoddert in Mobile County, Alabama; he is referring to the Battle of Burnt Corn and the massacre at Fort Mims. Originally, he enclosed relevant handbills for the editors to read, and also five...
- 2009-06-25
- Letter from Sam Bains to his wife, Christiana.
- 1813-11-25
- During the Creek War, Bains was a soldier in General Andrew Jackson's Volunteers. In the letter, written from Fort Deposit, Alabama, he describes his experiences in the army.
- 2009-09-11
- Letter from several Creek Indian chiefs to Governor Israel Pickens in Cahaba, Alabama.
- 1825-05-14
- In the letter the men ("who signed the late treaty with the United States ") report that William McIntosh and several others were recently killed by fellow Creeks, who also "sentenced death to us." The chiefs have "taken refuge under the whites in...
- 2010-11-08
- Letter from several inhabitants of St. Stephens, Alabama, to Major General James Wilkinson.
- 1813-04-17
- In the letter the men describe the "hostile disposition of the Creek Indians" toward citizens in Clarke and Washington Counties. They explain that many families are preparing to leave the area, which is vulnerable to attack: "...nearly one half of...
- 2010-11-12
- Letter from Thomas Vaughn at St. Stephens, Alabama, to General Ferdinand Claiborne in Alabama.
- 1813-12-31
- In the letter Vaughn describes the celebrations that took place at St. Stephens when news arrived of Claiborne's victory at the Battle of Holy Ground.
- 2009-06-25
- Payroll for a regiment of seventy-five Choctaw Indians, who served in the militia of the Mississippi Territory from February 1 to 16, 1814.
- 1814-00-00
- Included on the roll are the names and ranks of the soldiers; the dates of the pay period and their service; the amount of pay each received; and the signatures of the men.
- 2010-11-12